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The L-shaped Room by Lynne Reid Banks Essay - 3133 Words

The L-shaped Room by Lynne Reid Banks The narrators views of social prejudice are conveyed through the experience of Jane the main character. My father and I hadnt said a word to each other when I went home for my things. Hes told me to go and I was going; he didnt care where and so why should I tell him? The above opening quotation is from The L-shaped Room written by Lynne Reid Banks. It captures an insight into the attitudes of the time. The author mainly focuses on reflecting the journey Jane faces through her unwanted pregnancy, coping with emotional difficulties and the dilemmas that face her. I feel the novel made me sympathetic towards Jane, as the novel kept me captivated; with many twists and turns and†¦show more content†¦Yet these neighbours eventually draw her back to life. At the start of the novel Jane realised it was morally wrong in her society to be pregnant but she tries to be strong to admit the truth to her father: â€Å"‘I’m pregnant I said. These two words shocked even me with their crudeness. I instantly wished Id said the softer I m going to have a baby. The blunt statement of the biological fact had the same after- echoes as a slap across his face. The writer has made me feel that Jane thought some weight would ease of her mind by being strong and telling her father, as he may understand as she is the only child with no mother. However the sharpness of the truth hits Jane at the same time as she admits the truth because she realises she is in the situation and she is not generally stating something that will have no affect on her. I think the dash reveals extra feelings, of how she now feels after admitting the truth but in addition to this the sentence before and after the dash is a vivid contrast. Before the dash it suggests what she said was simple and straightforward words but it compares the effect of the words after the dash which shows the words are shocking. Echoes as a slap across the face shows how forceful the words actually sounded. This phrase is a simile which compares her words as being worse than a slap. In my opinion the word choice of ‘echoes’ expresses how the admittance of the truth must have been aShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesorganizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting) to describe the functions of a manager. 7. Henry Mintzberg, The Nature of Managerial Work (New York: Harper Row, 1980). 8. See, for instance, Jeffrey S. Shippman, Eric Prien, and Gary L. Hughes, â€Å"The Content of Management Work,† Journal of Business and Psychology 5 (March 1991): 325–54. 9. Robert Katz, â€Å"Skills of an Effective Administrator,† Harvard Business Review 52 (September–October 1974): 90–102. 10. G. Edward Evans, â€Å"Management

Music publication through what was relevant in society Free Essays

Dear Miss Bethany Sharp, I have done extensive research into the following magazines in order to conclude their success as a music publication through what was relevant in society. NME 1950’s What was Society like? It was the end of wartime rationing from World War 2 and there was now a consumer society. Teenagers had now been given spending power but no means of entertainment but magazines. We will write a custom essay sample on Music publication through what was relevant in society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rock ‘n roll hit the scene with a new audience, the emerging youth culture had now taken the music scene and Rock was now dismissed by older generations. This type of music was popular mostly with teenagers who were trying to break out of the mainstream idea of the middle class. Also, The US had now created their own Hot 100 Music Charts – NME responded to the change in Society so because teenagers wanted to break out of the idea of middle class that Editors decided to publish adds in the magazines content ‘wanted: hip young gun slingers’. NME did this so that they could get new, fresh writers who represented part of the audience; therefore they were part of the music scene and would have a more informal mode of address, therefore relate as well as appeal to them, creating success for the magazine. – NME responded to the change in Society that the US had now created a music chart, so NME they decided to introduce the first British Pop charts. It appealed to the audience and created success as it was the best selling singles chart in the UK and in a sense influenced the audience in what to listen to and what was part of the music scene. 1960’s What was Society like? London spent much of its time swinging and dancing as much of the music scene. The nation became more obsessed with political and cultural events. The British invasion of rock and roll, beat and pop performers now appeared by performers such as The Beatles. – NME responded to the change in Society to embraced the new British groups emerging at the time; The Beatles and The Rolling Stones were arguably the two most renowned groups to emerge during this 60’s and they were frequently featured on the front cover. – NME responded to the change in Society because it was between January and June 1964, NME’s sales peaked to 306,881 that as the Beatles and the rolling stones were taking on the music scene, NME was left to track the new rock music. 2000’s What was Society like? Society has now become multi-platform and fast paced because of all the new mediums and the use of synergy – technology has now become a necessity to everyday life – NME responded to the change in Society as technology was becoming more used in everyday life, i.e. the internet, NME felt that it might lose sales as factors such as piracy and easy accessible information can come about, so NME absorbs part sister/rival publication melody maker in 2000. – NME responded to the change in Society because technology was becoming more widespread that NME decided to feature on radio and television coverage in order to become more multi-platform and thus making it more successful – It appealed to the audience because NME had coverage on NME awards and weekly NME chart show on MTV2. NME had taken further steps than being just a magazine. – NME responded to the change in Society so the NME magazine as the music scene was becoming younger, NME introduced Club NME nights across Britain and to the US. Smash Hits Late 1970’s/1980’s What was Society like? Society was now full of mass unemployment and there were now a social unrest- people where now angry at the government and there were now anti-rebellion teens. Punk was introduced and the idea of being rebellious, bands like the sex pistols started to make the music scene. – NME responded to the change in Society so the Smash Hits magazine As the new music scene was young socialites and looking good was important, Smash Hits was a new glossy magazine for younger audiences . It used niches which appealed to younger audiences because it focused around â€Å"trivia† (What is your favourite colour? etc.) they used this informal mode of address to create success – It appeals to the audience to create success because it talks about lives and gossip, something the audience was looking for. – NME responded to the change in Society so the Smash Hits magazine as the magazine was talking to a new audience it created a new mode of address; it was now informal and colloquial – chatty because it had to represent the audience in order to create success. 1980’s What was Society like? Cable and MTV were introduced; it had an enormous impact on the music and young people. The CD revolutionized the music industry. Music such as Pop, Rock, new wave, Punk, country, Rap and Hip-hop became popular. – NME responded to the change in Society so the Smash Hits magazine It was because the music scene had became widespread and there were much more genres that Smash hits went on to hire many respected journalists 2000’s What was Society like? Society has now become multi-platform and fast paced because of all the new mediums and the use of synergy – technology has now become a necessity to everyday life – NME responded to the change in Society so the Smash Hits magazine a whole new range of platforms including Television, the internet, mobile and so on were introduced, the magazine became multi-platform as the audience became more industrialised to create success – It appealed to the audience because Today’s teens wanted faster, deeper information about music at a faster rate of accessing information, they were now able to do so. – NME responded to the change in Society so the Smash Hits magazines started to notice that the group allegiances to pop and rock had changed, magazine realised it had to change so became more multi-platform – Magazines became more synergised, using television, radio, websites etc. This was because technology was growing and so was the young audience. – NME responded to the change in Society so the Smash Hits magazine Because the audience and the music scene were changing, the magazine had to change. Smash hits decided to keep the genre the same although it became multi-platform. – It didn’t appeal to the audience and the audience moved on, however it managed to continue using different mediums such as television, digital radio and website services Sniffin’ Glue Late 1970’s/1980’s What was Society like? Society was now full of mass unemployment and there were now a social unrest- people where now angry at the government and there were now anti-rebellion teens. Punk was introduced and the idea of being rebellious, bands like the sex pistols started to make the music scene. – NME responded to the change in Society so the Sniffin’ Glue magazine Young socialites wanted to be part of the music scene, so they wanted to belong to a group, The Sniffin’ Glue publication is one that is a fanzine – It appealed to the audience because this means it is exclusively made by fans for fans for a specific genre – Punk Zine, this meant the audience could relate to Gigs and so on. It also appealed to the audience because it meant that it could remain very Punk and shocking through the mode of address such as the aggressive and vulgar language but managed to remain very political toward the audience through the points it made. – NME responded to the change in Society so the Sniffin’ Glue magazine It was because the audience wanted to be heard that the publisher Perry encourages reader to make their own fanzines so sniffin’ glue had less circulation – It appealed to the audience because it Introduced the British punk culture and DIY Punk ethic so fans created their own fanzines. By doing this they kept the audiences demands and met theirs, overall creating success – It appealed to the audience as the mode of address was very opinionated, they were able to say what they wanted a it was a non-profit fanzine – They appealed to the audience as they represented them through the cover as it very punk and shocking almost making a political statement How to cite Music publication through what was relevant in society, Papers

Working With Children NSW for Skills and Qualities - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWorking With Children NSW for Skills and Qualities. Answer: The context of my essay, is working with children. I will explore my understanding and knowledge of safeguarding and critically scrutinize protection meaning in the regard of working with children. I will assess the impact the activity on community engagement has had on my career path. I will refer to children and vulnerable people such as the disabled, to explain the issues and confusion that may occur. To begin with, who is a vulnerable person? A vulnerable person is a person who is 18 year and above, and in need of community care services due to facts of being mental disable, age or illness, who is unable to protect himself or herself against harm and who is unable to take care of himself (Wbsb.co.uk, 2017). Working with children and vulnerable persons, I realized that there are ordinary core value skills that one needs to poses (Yor-ok.org.uk, 2017).First, effective communication is the critical skill in these field of work. Good and effective communication is the key to working with children and vulnerable person. It's excellent communication that I can build trust between them and me, and encourage them to make good use of services provided. I realized that communication is not only about the talking but it involves the body language that I use. It is essential to show empathy and sincerity and listen to them. To be able to build a good relationship with the children, I had to be respectful, honest and understanding; this is because when the relationship is continuous people tend to become engaged, and there is an improvement on their lives as well. Secondly, listening and building empathy is an essential skill. I had to hear calmly without being judgmental (Harskuti, 2017). I had to listen keenly and acknowledge what had been said. Lastly, one has to poses consultation and negotiation skills. From the beginning of the process, I had to consult the careers about them. I had to involve the children in expressing what makes them happy. I had to help them describe what they are experiencing and courses of actions (Yor-ok.org.uk, 2017). Working with children poses some challenges like any other work. First, an organization that works with children faces a massive staff turnover: many social workers go through burnout and may opt to change job or career path (Work.chron.com, 2017). Secondly, the main reason for high staff turnover is burnout. Working as a social worker can be physically draining and emotionally draining too (Early Years Careers, 2017). Through the engagement, I realized that I need to have a high tolerance for frustrations. This is because I worked in cases that involved child abuse, child neglect or child safety. Lastly, personal safety of the worker can be at risk.in some scenario; I was called to intervene a situation that involved an angry parent. Since the parent has nowhere to direct their anger to, due to experiencing emotional turmoil, the violence was addressed to me. As a social worker, one needs to learn to how to effectively communicate with the client and assess if the scenario poses a t hreat to your safety (Work.chron.com, 2017). Working With Children Check NSW Organization The organization works effortlessly to improve the protection of children in NSW, through helping individuals get a clear understanding of the importance and advantages of protecting the safety of children (Kidsguardian.nsw.gov.au, 2017). Company SWOT analysis Strength The organization has been granted authority to persecute people who fail to meet the requirement s of child protection promptly. The company can implement laws that enable improvement of child protection. They have the permission to get children out of dangerous environment without warrants (Pinterest, 2017). The company receives fund provision from the government. Weakness The children court failed to ensure that caseworkers are following the policy in a right manner (Pinterest, 2017. The number of cases worn has been key used to judge performance of the organization. Oversight authorities are not willing to ensure there are transparency and compliance. The government failed to comprehend the long impact that the children removed from homes forcefully tend to have, or those forced to be adopted. Opportunities The company benefits from the information provided by the organization that is not funded by the government. Sluggish increasing cost of the department present an opportunity to them, its because of fruitless policy. The company has managed to create a safe place for children at home. Threat Many children removed from parents who are capable of taking care of them are damaged. Creation a further generation that keeps up the spirit of child abuse poses a threat to the company. Agenda adoption push by famous and influential persons who are not able to conceive is a threat. Child responsibility is given to NGO who are the critical course of their previous abuse due to profit. The NGO are responsible for ensuring the funding for the children is on long-term which supersedes the family first right (Pinterest, 2017). Financial Sustainability The present form of recent volunteer demands, funding form government levels, and cost of processing units, I can say that the working child check NSW is not financially sustainable. The ration of a volunteer to employee check is higher than expected while volunteer check to date has increased to 5 times more than the forecast. There has been a significant program deficit.it can be linked to the government funding being made to cover the employee volunteer check since no fee is imposed for these checks, check given to the employee is enough to cater processing cost (Kidsguardian.nsw.gov.au, 2017). Conclusion Being an introvert, choosing to volunteer was a thing that brought a lot of question in mind as to whether to do it or not. Being part of the community engagement has exposed me to different people who are going through the various situations. The activity has made me always to appreciate and be content with what I have since other people wish they could have it too, but they dont. The activity made me appreciate more the community workers for their efforts. I consider them hero and heroines, since the kind of work that they are involved in is not a walk in the path, but saving lives. Today, I can proudly say, that the experience has made me feel more of complete than before. I have been able to acquire a lot of skills and sharpened on some of my abilities. Some of the skills learned are effective communication, good listener, and situation analyst. The activity has brought me out of my comfort zone. I will continue being part of community engagement activity from now henceforth. References Early Years Careers. (2017). 10 biggest challenges you face working in childcare - Early Years Careers.[online]Availableat:https://www.earlyyearscareers.com/eyc/early-years-management/10-biggest-challenges-you-face-working-in-childcare/ [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Harskuti, K. (2017). Want to Work With Children: 5 Skills and Qualities You Should Be Working On.[online]SocialWorkHelper.Available at: https://www.socialworkhelper.com/2014/01/30/want-work-children-5-skills-qualities-working/ [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Kidsguardian.nsw.gov.au. (2017). Who we are - NSW Office of the Children's Guardian. [online] Available at: https://www.kidsguardian.nsw.gov.au/about-us/who-we-are [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Kidsguardian.nsw.gov.au. (2017). Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://www.kidsguardian.nsw.gov.au/ArticleDocuments/316/WWCC_EvaluationReport.pdf.aspx?Embed=Y [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Online.det.nsw.edu.au. (2017). Policy Library moved | Change messaging. [online] Available at: https://online.det.nsw.edu.au/ecmjsp/redirect/?ref=https://www.det.nsw.edu.au/policies/student_serv/child_protection/work_child/Working-with-Children-Check-Appendix-8-CRIMTRAC-Form.pdf [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Pinterest. (2017). Child protection. [online] Available at: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/290411875944354292/ [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Service.nsw.gov.au. (2017). Check a Working With Children Check status. [online] Available at: https://www.service.nsw.gov.au/transaction/check-working-children-check-status [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Wbsb.co.uk. (2017). Who is a Vulnerable Adult?. [online] Available at: https://www.wbsb.co.uk/4482 [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Work.chron.com. (2017). Challenges You Face as a DCF Social Worker. [online] Available at: https://work.chron.com/challenges-face-dcf-social-worker-11595.html [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Yor-ok.org.uk. (2017). Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://www.yor-ok.org.uk/YorOK-Workforce/Common%20core%20of%20skills%20and%20knowledge%20for%20the%20childrens%20workforce.pdf [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017].

William Blakes Poetry Demonstrates free essay sample

It is a collection of lessons that a person goes through during their lifetime. The contrast between innocence and experience is portrayed in Blake’s poems Infant Joy, Infant Sorrow and The Chimney Sweeper (innocence), The Chimney Sweeper (experience) through the use of metaphors, symbolism, imagery, juxtaposition, emotive language, repetition, alliteration and assonance. This essay will examine the notions of innocence and experience through references to the poetic techniques applied in the poems. Infant Joy is one of the poems by Blake which falls in the Songs of Innocence. Notions of innocence are depicted in the poem through the way Blake has used language which resembles that of a child. The idea of innocence is also portray by the joyous and happy tone used throughout the poem. The child, who is the persona, verbalizes as if it is so grateful to be alive. This is also shown through the use of poetic techniques such as repetition. We will write a custom essay sample on William Blakes Poetry Demonstrates or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The reappearance of the words â€Å"sweet joy† gives a positive disposition as both represent happiness. The use of imagery is also evident when he writes â€Å"pretty joy! It provides us the visual of a very adorable baby and allows us to envision a newborn child, so naive and unaware of the dangers of this world. The technique Blake has used in structuring the poem sets it out in resemblance to a lullaby. The short sentences, simple words and optimistic language add to the notion of innocence as infancy and innocence are often associated with one another. Words such as: happy, sweet, joy, pretty, smile and sing, carry positive connotations and in using these within the poem, Blake has created a theme of cheerfulness and purity. Blake uses similar techniques in The Chimney Sweeper (innocence) as he did in Infant Joy to portray the notions of innocence. He has once again used a child persona and simple language to identity the inexperience and purity in the poem. Poetic techniques such as symbolism, repetition, visual and aural imagery are used to assist in creating this theme of infancy and ingenuousness. There are many uses of symbolism throughout the poem. â€Å"And by came an Angel who had a bright key, and he opened the coffins and set them all free. † This line holds two example of symbolism. One being the bright key which symbolises freedom and hope for the chimney sweepers, the other being the coffins which represent their death and the actual chimney that the children would have usually died in. Repetition is seen in the line â€Å"could scarcely cry ‘Weep! Weep! Weep! Weep! ’† The use of repetition here emphasizes the youth of the child when its parents had sold them and also speaks for all the other chimney sweepers who had to be sold at a young age. The use of visual and aural imagery in the line â€Å"then down a green plain, leaping, laughing they run, and wash in a river and shine in the Sun. identifies the happiness of the children as they have been set free from their chimneys. You can visual the children soaring and giggling across the green plain on a bright sunny day and see the big smiles on their faces as well as hear them laughing. The use of words such as: young and little create the theme of innocence in the poem. As William Blake i s fascinated in the marriage of opposites, all of his songs of innocence partner with a song of experience. Infant Sorrow contrasts to Infant Joy as it holds negative connotations. This is done by setting a lost, hopeless, depressing and despairing tone. This tone is created by poetic techniques such as visual and aural imagery, simile, and figurative language. Visual and aural imagery can be identified when the child is explaining how it was brought into the world. â€Å"piping loud† gives us a glimpse of what it was like when this happened and what an awful experience it was for the baby. A simile is used in the line â€Å"like a fiend hid in a cloud†. This is also the use of figurative language as the child is not literally like a demon in the cloud however it is implying that it feels that way. The child senses that its parents are not very supportive of it being brought into the world and the child feels as though it is alone and will have to get by on its own without the love, support and comfort of its parents. That is why it has chosen to say it is like a fiend hid in a cloud because it feels out of place and on its own. The diction used in this poem demonstrates that it is a song of experience as it uses words such as: groaned, wept, dangerous, helpless, fiend and struggling. These words give negative connotations and therefore add to the theme of hopelessness and desperation. The Chimney Sweeper (experience) uses similar techniques as Infant Sorrow to depict the notions of experience. Blake has set a resentful and bitter tone through the child persona as we hear about the child condemning its parents for their actions. Poetic techniques such as juxtaposition, metaphor and aural imagery are used to enhance these themes. â€Å"A little black thing among the snow† is the use of juxtaposition as it is contrasting ‘black’ and ‘snow’. It is suggesting that the child is the little black thing as it is covered in soot from the chimneys, and is lying on the white snow. The theme of this poem is also portrayed when the child says â€Å"crying weep, weep, in notes of woe† this is an example of aural imagery as we can hear the child weeping. A metaphor is used in the line â€Å"who make up a heaven of our misery†. The child is conveying how its parents make up the heaven of our misery, implying that they are the heaven of our misery. This metaphor holds negative connotations as the child expresses how his parents are guilty of putting him in this misery. The child’s parents act as if they are religious people when they would happily condemn their innocent child to this life. When analyzing the diction used in the poem, words such as: crying, weep, death, injury and misery can be found which demonstrates negative connotations. In conclusion, William Blake’s fascination with the marriage of opposites is clearly established in his poetry. The contrast between innocence and experience is clear in his songs of innocence and songs of experience as innocence is associated with youth and purity and experience is linked to sadness and despair.

A Grave Decision Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture

A Grave Decision Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture A Grave Decision A Grave Decision I come to you today not as a politician looking to say the right things or as an ex drug users looking to lecture you on the disastrous effects of drug use. But I do come to you today as a terribly concerned citizen of this great nation. As you are probably are aware of our government is pondering the idea and is leaning toward legalizing such illicit drugs as marijuana, cocaine, and heroin. There are those in this nation on both sides of the spectrum in this great debate. Some believe that the government should not be able to control what we put in our bodies and others like myself believe that the legalization of street drugs could have irreversible repercussions. For over the last fifty years drug use and abuse has been a huge problem in our society. Countless amounts of taxpayers dollars have been spent to combat the ever increasing drug problem. These tax dollars have gone towards such aids as drug rehabilitation, drug education and drug awareness. Although not overwhelming to a certain degree our efforts have worked. In 1988 it was estimated that there were 11 million people classified as addicted illicit drug users, currently that statistic is approximately five percent lower. And for those people who say that that money was not well spent, well what I have to say to that is if those billions of dollars saved just one person from the evils of drugs then to me it was worth it. Now after fighting so hard to wipe out drugs are we willing to take a step backwards, concede to the pressures of other and legalize drugs? I think not! Many believe that legalizing drugs would have lead to benefits in our nation. One point, which they often bring up, is that it would lessen the rate of crime. They try to prove the fact that the legalization of drugs would deter future criminal acts such as robbery, murder and assaults. But the facts prove that most drug related are on the down in most American cities anyway, this is do to the fact that we are crunching down on pushers and dealers which goes back to the point of tax payers money and its benefits. These same people emphasize the contrasting aspects of prohibition. When the public realized that prohibition could not be enforced the law was repealed. From this, they try to infer the same of legalizing drugs. Saying that legalizing alcohol didnt increase alcoholism, so why legalizing drugs increase drug abuse and addiction? I wont argue that Ill just straight out disprove it! In fact the percent of the population that is alcoholics is almost twelve percent higher then it was at the time of prohibition. On that note I can only imagine what the increase of drug use would be if it were to be legalized and become readily available and easily accessed in stores to all of the population. Those who have taken a stand for the legalization of drugs must be in a drugged up haze themselves or in total denial of the horrendous effects of drug abuse. The reasons why drugs should not be legalized in my opinion are endless; I could sit here all day and talk about them. Legalizing drugs would increase their accessibility to not only current drug addicts, but it would increase accessibility to those who had never experienced drugs because of a variety of reasons such as the high prices or the fact of legal consequences. We as society would be feeding addicts, instead of trying to help them kick an addiction that will in the end lead to their eventual death. Is it not the job of the government to protect the people within its control? If this true, then why would they even consider doing such a grave action as legalizing drugs? Do are national leaders even know what they are considering doing? Do they realize what the society will be like when it is considered okay to go and have a joint or sniff a line of coke or do a hit of heroin in public? I just do not think the government and

Accounting for Business Combination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Accounting for Business Combination - Essay Example The acquirer gains command over the assets and the associated liabilities. It is worthy of stating that when interchange in business takes place, it can be termed as business combination. It is significant for all the business combinations to be accounted for utilising the purchase process of accounting. Control can be gained by purchasing the assets themselves or by means of purchasing control over the corporation possessing the assets (Grant Thornton, 2011). The main objective of the paper is to discuss about accounting for business combination, to identify the current issues and thus to critically analyse them. The paper will endeavour to discuss numerous standards that can be applicable in resolving the issues related to accounting for business combination. Business Combinations One of the main goals of the business organisation is to attain growth. It is often stated by the top managements that growth or expansion is the major goal of the business organisation. A company may dev elop steadily by mounting its range of products. A number of the companies have attained their objective of growth by way of business combinations. The accounting for business combinations is primarily controlled with the help to four principles such as IFRS3, IAS 27, IAS 36 as well as IAS 38.The factor worth considering is that a business combination may be either friendly or might as well be unfriendly. When friendly combination takes place, it is the duty of the boards of directors of both the combining companies to bargain upon communally satisfying terms related to planned combinations. After that the stockholders of the combining companies need to approve the proposal. On the other hand, an unfriendly combination takes place when the board of directors of the company oppose the combination. In such cases, mostly by way of tender offer the acquiring company is capable of interacting with the individual shareholders (Qfinance, 2012). Advantages and Disadvantages of Business Comb ination There are numerous ways through which the companies may expand. A few of the companies might want to expand internally while others may choose to expand externally. An organisation may choose to expand internally by involving themselves in research and development. In case of external expansion, the companies attempt to expand through acquiring one or more companies. Along with quick expansion, there are numerous benefits of external expansion or business combination method in comparison to internal expansion (Deloitte, 2012). When the combination is vertical or horizontal, such combination with an existing company tends to present the management of the acquiring company with a business unit which is established possessing experienced personnel, productive facilities, regular suppliers as well as distribution channels. Furthermore, such business combinations assist companies to compete in an effective way in the international market. Most of the times, it is apparent that th e companies go for business combinations in order to take benefit of the income tax laws. By means of filing a consolidated tax return, the profitable corporations’ tax liability might be minimised because of the losses of unbeneficial affiliates. Diversification occurring from such combinations provides the combining companies with numerous benefits such as greater flexibility, an internal capital market, rise in the debt capacity of the company, greater shield from the rivals over proprietary information, and at times capability to make better use of the organisational resources (PwC, 2012). In spite of its innumerable benefits, business combinat